He Aha te Take i Te Mea te Riri Whakapiri Hei Tino Nui I te Riri Whakapiri?

Ngā Tāpuhi Kōwhao I waenganui i ngā Rauemi me ngā Raetitaha

Te Hanganga Pūnui Whakapuwhewhewe Whakamārama

Ko te hanganga whiti tōtika te whanaketanga i te thread e te whakaputanga tākarotia mai ana i ngā whiti roa, kāore i te mutunga. Kāore he rite ki ngā thread kirirotia, e huihui ai ngā whiti poto ake ki te kirirotia. Ko te āhua mutunga kore o te miro whiti e āwhina ai i te āhua kia rite, kia pai ake ai te rite, kia iti ake hoki te tūpono o ngā ngoikera ki te miro. Ko ngā thread whiti tōnui e hangaia ana i te nylon, i te polyester, e whai ana i ētahi anō whai mōhio. Ko te nylon e mōhiotia ana mō te kaha, te whitiwhiti, ko te polyester e mōhiotia hui katoa mō te roa o te ora, te manawa ki te ra, ki te hau, ki te hukapapa, e tuku ana i tētahi otinga whai hua ki ētahi whakamahinga maha. E āwhina ana tēnei hanganga i te mahi pai o te hua mutunga, i te wā kotahi ka awhina i tō tātou taiao kia iti ake te whakamahi, kia iti ake te whakaputanga para i te nuinga o ngā tikanga hanga hou.

Te Whakapuare Here Here i te Kaha Iti

Ko ngā tahawhiti e hangaia ana i ngā waahanga poto penei i ngā tahawhiti e māmā ana me te māmā ki te katoa ka taea hoki te hanga i te māmā poto, ko te whiti me te āhua ko ngā mea e homai ai te hinu hinuhinu mō te tahawhiti, engari ka taea hoki e koe te hanga i tētahi tahawhiti whakarahi, pērā i te rāwekenga tuuruhi tērā i te katoa o te tahawhiti e whai aronga ana i te tōraro. Ko te whakakotahitanga o ngā waahanga poto e āwhina ana i te whakapāpaku i ngā momo me te kaha kawenga, i ngā wā e hua ai ngā raru pērā i te pilling me te pakaru. Ko ēnei rerekētanga e āwhina ana i te whakapāpaku mō ngā kaupapa tāhuri e hiahiatia ana te tōrōtanga me te tika. E ai ki ngā tohunga o te ahumahi, ko te āhua e hāngai ai te mātātoko i te wāhi e hiahiatia ana te pāpaku pōpōuri, engari he rerekē te tikanga mō te tāhuri ina tāhuri ki ngā tahawhiti. He mea nui ngā rerekētanga nei kia whai mōhio ai koe i te whiriwhiri i ngā tahawhiti mō ētahi kaupapa, me te tautohe i te tōrōtanga me te āhua me te āhua e hiahiatia ana.

Me pēhea te Whakauru Tūruke Whakamaharatanga Kaha

Ko te whakarewa whanui ake o ngā kiriata whiri tāpapa huri noa i te kaha o te whakarewa me te whakarewa tāpapa kia tino kaha, kia tino whiti ai i te tāpapa. Ko ngā mōhini whakarewa e mahi ana i tēnei mea ka whakapāha kia mātua whakatau te kaha o te tāpapa, ka kitea e mātou ko ngā kiriata tāpapa he pai ake i ngā kiriata hōhonu. Ko te take ko te tāpapa i tēnei wa he tāpapa tāpapa, ā, ko te pāpaku he ōrite ake te wehenga ki te roa o te kiriata. Ko tēnei āhuatanga ka tāu mai hoki i te iti ake o ngā pokanga kiriata i te wā e tāpapahi ana! – Iti ake te wā kua tāpapahia, me te tāpapahinga māmā! Anō hoki, ko te kaha ake o te tāpapa o te hanganga tāpapa kia ko ēnei kiriata ko te tino pai ki te umanga mō ngā whakamahinga e hiahiatia ana te roa o te kaha me te kaha ki te whakapōkai (hei tauira, te whakarewa whare noho, me te whakarewa taputapu waho).

Kaha Whatunga: Te Pūaoi Molekulara o te Filament

Te Whakarite Molekulara i Riri whakapiri pūpū

Ko te whai mātātoko o ngā molekī he mea matua nui ki te hāngai i ngā kiriata tāhuri, e homai ai ngā painga nui ki ngā āhuatanga hinahina o ngā kiriata. Kei te hiahiatia te whakarārangi i ngā pōpō ki te rārangi kia pai ai te kaha me te hanganga o te kiriata. Kua whakakīia kua whai oranga ngā hanganga molekīra e whai rārangi ana i ngā kaha o te wehe tere ake. Mā te whai pūtaiao e mōhiotia ai e ngā kairangahau he kiriata e rite ana te rārangi o ngā molekīra ka taea ai e ia te tōnuitanga ake i mua i te pakaru me te taraweti. Ko ētahi o mātou kua whai pānui māmā noa i te rārangi molekīra kua waiho ki te tāone, kaua ko te hua anake: ko te tikanga hei neke i te kaha o te tāhuri e pai ake te mahi i te taro ake, e tiaki ana i te kaha o te tapa me te whakapapa o te tapa i ngā panoni rānei, rānei ngā tikanga tino ririhau – me te tāhuri!

Whakataurite Pūnaha me te Raua Whati

Ina mātua whakatautuia ngā kaha o te whakakīnga o ngā kiriata me ngā aha tāwhiri, ko ngā kiriata e whakaatu ana i te kaha o te kaha o te whakakīnga. Ko ngā kaha ake mai i te kaha ake o te kawe kawe e kitea ana kei ngā kiriata mai i te hanganga kiriata kōpere, e whakarato ana i te kaha ake o te tāwhai. Ka taea te whakamaori i tēnei kaha nā te mea e whakaatu ana ngā ripoata rangahau ka taea e ngā kiriata te here kaha ake te kaha kāore he whakarere. Hei tauira, e mōhiotia ana e ngā tohunga ko ngā kiriata ka taea te kawe i te 30% atu anō te kaha, i ētahi wā, tēnā i ngā aha tāwhiri. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā kaupapa e herea ana e tētahi kiriata kaha pērā i te kiriata kiri, te rāwekenga taiao me te rākau hōu. Ko ngā aha tāwhiri, i te taha atu, ahakoa he whai hua hoki ki ētahi atu whāinga, he iti ake te kaha o te kaha me te ngoikera ki te kaha o te kaha.

Nga Ratonga Whakamataki mo te Kaha Whakamutu o nga Korere

Ko te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakamatautau tāuru huihuinga e whai ana te ahumoni hei whakamatautau i te kaha kawenga o ngā aho me ngā aho kauta. Ko tētahi o ngā tikanga tāuru e whakamahia nui ana ko te tikanga ASTM D5034, e whakamatautau ana i te kaha o ngā taputapu e taea te kiriata ki te whare wānanga. Kei te whakamatautauhia ēnei ki ngā horopaki katoa, kia mātua whai mōhio ki ngā āhuatanga pērā i te pāpaku me te kaihau e taea e ngā whakapāinga. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakamatautau whakapāwe, ka whakamatautau ngā kaiwhakamahi i ngā aho hei whakatutuki i ngā tāuru kaha me te mahi. Ko te kaha kawenga: ko te mōhio ki tēnei me te tikanga o te tikanga he mea nui kia tūmanakohia kia taea e te aho te mahi i ngā mahi o te mahi i te mutunga, pērā i te taputapu, te ahurea, te taputapu rānei, me te whakarato i te kaha, te roa o te whakamahinga, me te whakapono e hiahiatia ana.

Nga āhuatanga matapihi me te whakahoki i te hapa

Māmā o te Aho Tāhōu

Ko ngā āhuatanga o te tāwhai o ngā tāwhai rākau he mea nui rawa kia whakanuia ai te rāwekenga o te tāwhai. Ko o rātou ake ngā kawhena e noho pāpaku ana me te ōrite ka whakapumau i te iti noa te whakawhitinga a-ringaringa me te whakauru kaha ki te pakaru i te wā e tāwhai hōu ana, ā, me te tāwhai hoki. Ko te pāpaku he mea e kitea ana i ngā whiriwhiringa kaiwhakamahi me te mōhio kia arataki i te iti noa te whakarewa o te tāwhai me te iti ake ngā wātawhitinga me te whakapakari ake i te mahi. Ko te mata iti noa he mea nui hoki ina rapu ana kia kaua e pakaru te tāwhai, ko te hiahia matua kia tū tonu te kounga o te tāwhai me te otinga tūturu ki ngā taiao tāwhai hokohoko.

Te Whakahoki i te Pūmau i roto i te Whakapiringa Rawe

Ko te mōhio tērā ka ngaro ngā tātari eke eke ki ētahi atu āhuatanga e pai ana, ā ko te pai ake o ngā tātari eke ki te whetekura he mea nui, he mea nui hoki ki ngā taiao hiko tere. Nō te mea he whakapae tonu ngā tātari eke, kua kapihia e ngā tātari rāpoi, he pai ake tā rātou whakapae. Ko ngā putanga o te whakamātai ki runga i te whakamātai e whakaatu ana i te tātari eke he pai ake te whetekura, he mea nui tēnei ki te roa o te whakamahinga me te whakahaere hua. Ko te āhuatanga nei he nui ake te pai ki ngā taiao pīroiroi e tākarotia ana ngā kaupapa eke ki te whakapōkai tākarotia me te whakapōkai.

Te Whiu i ngā Ratonga Here

Ko ngā āhuatanga mata o te thread filament ka heke te āhuatanga pakaru, e whakapakari ake ana i te raweke mō te mahi tāhuma. He iti ake ngā pakaru ake ake filament yarns tērā i ngā yarns spun i ngā tātaritanga whakamahinga. He iti ake te pakaru e iti ake ana te wā whakautu, he iti ake hoki ngā thread anō e hiahiatia ana i te mutunga ... tāhuma pai ake! Ko ngā kaiārahi huihuinga e kii ana kia he mea matua te whiriwhiri i te tika rawa o te thread, ina hiahia ana kia aukati i ngā pakaru & te tiki i te hua o te katoa, pērā i ngā mahi tāhuma uaua i roto i ērā kia hiahia koe ki te aukati i ngā hapa.

Te Whai Wāhi i ngā Whakahaere Pūnaha

Te Whakamahi Tirohanga mō te Whakapuaki Tino Tika

Ko te kaha o te tapa he mea nui, ā, he āhua motuhake ki ngā tāone o te hauora, kei reka ai ngā āhua tapa kāore i te rite e pa ana ki te kaha me te mahi ake o te hua. Ko ngā thread tapa filament hei whakarato i te kaha me te rite, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā he āwhina ki te whakarato i te kounga o te hua. Ko te nuinga o te wā he āwhina ki te whakarato i te kounga o te hua, ā, he mea nui tēnei i ngā wāhi e whakamahia ana ngā tikanga hāngai ake. I te tārunga, ko ngā āhua tapa kāore i te rite e āwhina ai i ngā hapa me te whakapā ki te mahi, ā, e mōhiotia ai te whakapā i te kounga o te hua, e āwhina ai i ngā hapa ki ngā wā pīroiroi pērā i te motukā, te rererangi rānei.

Whakamahi Pūkaha Nui

Ko ngā kaha ahi tāone o ngā kiri tātai e hāngai ana ki te whakamahinga nui ka pai ai ki ngā whakamahinga taumaha. Kei te whakamahia enei kiri i ngā umanga penei i te motukā me te rere ā-hau hei āwhina i te waihanga i ngā wāhanga kaha, pūkaha. I ngā kaupapa tātaritanga kei mua i te angitu o ngā kaupapa e whakamahi ana i enei kiri, kua toa te whakakaha i te nui o enei kiri mō te roa o ngā hua ki ngā tikanga whakamahinga tino uaua. Ko te nui o te whiriwhiri i te momo kiri tātai tika hei whakakore i ngā whakamaima kaha me te whakapau kia pai tonu tō kaupapa e whakahaere ana koe i runga ake i tō kaiwhakataetae ki tētahi umanga e hiahiatia ana kia nui ake te whakamahi i enei kiri mō ngā kaupapa taumaha.

Pūmau i te UV me ngā Momorangi

Nā ngā kiriata tāwhai UV, whakapae hauā, ā he pai hoki mō te whakamahi ki waho me te whakamahi hāpai. Kua whakamātua ngā whakapae ki ngā tikanga whara kua whakamahia ngā whakamātautau hei ine i te mahi ake i ērā tikanga. Ko ngā whakapae ka hua he roa kia oti te hua, ā he whakapae hoki i te ora o ngā taputapu hihi i te whakapae i te whara, i te korekore hoki e ngā tikanga o waho. Kua kōrero ngā kaiwhakamahi i ēnei āhuatanga kua tuku marautanga nui, pērā i te roa o te ora o ngā hua, me te heke i ngā utu whakahaere, ā he korekore pea i ngā tauira kei te tū tonu ngā kiriata tāwhai i muri i te noho ki ngā kaha whara, pērā i te rā, me ngā hauā, mō ētahi tau roa.

Whakaāhua i ngā Kaupapa Raraunga

Mīhiko Filament i ngā Kahu Nganga

Hei tāone whakapai i ngā kiriata kaha me te whakapai, he mea nui ngā kiriata tāone hei whakaputa i ngā kiriata e hiahiatia ana kia rereke te kaha me te whakapai. Ko ēnei anō ngā kiriata e hoatu ai i te kiriata te kaha me te hokinga mai i te tātenga mōrearea, e taea ai e te kiriata te eke atu i te tātenga me te tātenga e pā ana ki te kākahu hākinakina me te kākahu kaha. Ka taea e te whai mōhio e whakapai ake i te arataki me te roa o te kākahu ina tātuhia te mōhio tika ki te hanganga o te tapa, ā, ko te āhua nei ka tāwhaihia e Coats tētahi pūkenga e whakamōhiotia ana e ngā kaimahi katoa e pā ana ki te hanga kākahu me te mahi a Coats. Hei te whakapai i te kaha o te kākahu whakamarumaru, kōwhiria he kiriata tāone hei hanga i te kākahu nō reira ka whakapōkai ake i te kaha me te whakapai – ēnei āhuatanga e rua e hiahiatia ana e te kākahu whakamarumaru katoa. Kua whakapāhunu tētahi rangahau i te mea ka roa ake ngā kākahu i hangaia ki ngā kiriata tāone, e mau tonu ana i te āhua me te āhua hoki i muri i te whakamahinga kaha. Ko te āhua nei he mea nui ki te kākahu hākinakina me te kākahu e hāngai ana ki te nekeneke.

Te Whakatakoto Rākau me ngā Tauhoko Moana

Me hokona, kāore he hokona: Mō ngā whakamahinga taputapu me te moana, ko ngā aho tāwhai tāwhai te pai rawa atu i te kaha me te here ki ngā tikanga taiao. Ko ngā āhuatanga motuhake e whai ana i te takotoranga tika o te roa me te kounga mō waho tae atu ki te rāpata, te whakapāhunu a UV me te rereketanga o te wera. Nō reira he uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā here o te kaha pātata ki te maha o ngā kamupene. Engari mō ēnei whakaritenga, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā aho tāwhai i tēnei momo mahi, ā, e tūhono ana ki te nuinga o ngā tātohu ahumoni. Kua tū tonu te āhua e ai ki te āhua he āhua pai ake ngā whakamahinga ake o ngā aho tāwhai. Tēnei pea tika ana hoki ki ngā whakamahinga moana, me ngā takotoranga waka me ngā noho waho e here ana i ngā aho tāwhai hei whakarite i te mahi me te āhua mo te ora o te hua. Ahakoa ngā tikanga pai rawa ki te mahi tahi me ngā aho tāwhai e āwhina ai i te taputapu taputapu me te hua moana kia roa te ora me te kounga pai ake, he uaua ki te here me te whakakaha ki te inu i te kōwhiringa.

Whakauru Whakamātau Whakawehenga Maha

Ko ngā tūhono ako i whakaatu ai ko te roa o ngā hua e hangaia ana i ngā kiri tārua he wehe kē i te roa o ngā hua e hangaia ana i ngā kiri huruhuru. Ko te whānui ake i ngā kiri tārua he kaha ake, ā, ka pupuri i ana āhuatanga tawhito ake i te kiri huruhuru. Ko ngā tikanga whakamātau pērā i te whakamātau i te kaha whakapāwehe, i te whakatātahitanga o te ao tūmatanui, e āwhina ana kia whakapumautia ēnei otinga, ngā painga o ngā kiri tārua. Kei te whakaputu anō te umanga i te whakautu pai mō te roa o ngā kiri tārua, ko te whakapai ake i te kounga hua, me te roa o te hua ko ērā ngā painga matua e rua. Ko tēnei he whānui e whakapumau ai i ngā kiri tārua hei kiri kounga mō ngā kaupapa e herea ana ki te roa, ki te kaha, ā, me te whai hua anō hoki i ngā whakamahinga uaua.

FAQ

He aha ngā rawa nui e whai ana i ngā mīhini whaiwhai?

Nga rauemi nui e whakamahi ana mo nga raetiti pūnaha matangaro he nylon me te polyester. Ko te nylon i mohio ai hei tino rangatira i ana kotahi me ana rite ki te kawe, ka noho tenei hei whiriwhiringa taumata mo nga whakamahinga kotahi, ahakoa ko te polyester i whakanuia mo tana manawa ki nga paemahi me tana kotahi.

Me pēhea te whakangungu o nga raetiti e whai ake nei i te mahi here?

E angitu ana nga raetiti i te whakangungu o te mahi here ma te wāhi kotahi kei aua, e whai ana i te mana motuhake me te iti i te tahuri raetiti, e iti ana te wa i waenganui i nga mahi here.

He aha te take i kitea ai nga raetiti hei whakaute i nga whakamahinga taumata?

Ko nga raetiti e whai ana i te mana nui, i te kotahi, me te manawa ki nga paemahi hoki, pērā i te kaiwhakaruruhanga me nga rongoa, e pai ana he pai ki nga whakamahinga nui me nga whakamahinga kotahi.

He aha te utu whakamatakitaki e whakamahi nei ki te whakamatakitaki i te kotahi raetiti?

He ture ASTM D5034 e whai ana i te whakamātau i te kaha o ngā mīhini. Ka whakatau ānei tuhituhinga i te kaha o ngā rauanga e pā ana ki ngā momo hanga e whakahaere ana i ngā wāhi whakahaere, hei whakamana i te hokoatanga me te tūnui.

Me pēhea te whakauru herehere molekula hei whakapai i te mahi o te mīhini here here?

Ka whakapai te whakauru herehere molekula i te mahi o te mīhini here here ki te whakariterite i ngā molekula ki roto i te ara paihikaro, nā reira ka whakapai te whakaheke tuara me ngā pūtake kaha, kia āhei ai te mīhini ki te whakamana i te kaha matua i mua i te whakapae.